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Without a properly functioning thyroid, your body isn’t able to process carbohydrates and vitamins, or break down proteins. Since it is your thyroid gland that controls your growth and development, your metabolism, and even your mood, pretty much every other function, directly or indirectly, it depends on how well your thyroid gland works. When things go awry, the best course of action is to go for a thyroid test and when the result comes out, take the necessary action under the guidance of a doctor.
Some common diseases of thyroid include
Hyperthyroidism
The thyroid gland becomes overactive and produces more thyroid hormones than needed. Due to excessive metabolism, you experience weight loss. You go through mood swings. You have trouble sleeping. You are uncomfortable under heat. You experience fatigue all the time. You may be nervous or irritable due to no reason. You also experience frequent bowel movements or diarrhea. Some people with hyperthyroidism also develop Goiter – an enlarged thyroid that swells your neck. Sometimes breathing and swallowing becomes difficult. It may also cause fertility problems among women. Some people with hyperthyroidism experience thinning bones and osteoporosis. Irregular heartbeat is common. This can lead to blood clotting, stroke, heart failure and other heart problems. An early thyroid test can help you detect the problems associated with hyperthyroidism.
Hyporthyroidism
The thyroid gland doesn’t produce as many thyroid hormones as it should. The gland becomes underactive. People with hypothyroidism develop a puffy face. They also gain weight. Their skin is constantly dry. They regularly experience constipation. Their voice becomes hoarse. Their joints swell, become stiff and develop chronic pain. People with hypothyroidism also experience a slow heart rate. They go through constant bouts of depression. Some also experience impaired memory.
Other major thyroid problems include goiter, thyroiditis, Graves’ disease (an autoimmune condition), thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer. A thyroid test can reveal what type of thyroid disease you have.